Stonehenge Solved Its Three Observatories, Who built them, How and Why

Every 24 hours Stonehenge inevitably revolves once around the Earth's axis of spin at the North Pole, but at about 2100BC when its Stone phase was constructed and used, it turned around St Petersburg. As a result in midsummer the Sun never left the sky, its angle of elevation ranging from 29 degrees at 'night' to 69 degrees at mid day, Fig 19. Winters saw continuous darkness, except for moonlight, and they were very cold; Spring and Autumn were short temperate spells, the overall consequence being an average temperature 2 degrees hotter than we experience today, Fig 71. Winds and rain were much as we experience them in anti-cyclonic weather, resulting in quiet seas, and together with the higher temperature they gave rise to a good 'growing' climate (i).

Superimposed on this at greatly extended intervals were periods of heavy rainfall. An expert (Godwin 1956 p203) writes 'Oaks which grew in the English fenland during the warmest postglacial times, and have been found lying preserved in the peat, perhaps from Sub-Boreal times, are reported to be often of remarkably large size, e.g. with trunks reaching a height of 27.5m (90ft) before the first branch'. The countryside of the Stone henge, when construction commenced, was probably fairly lush forest punctuated by scrub and ragged, cleared areas of various sizes, these supporting early forms of crops and livestock, Fig 22.

Inevitably, all places having the same contemporaneous latitude as Stonehenge experienced a change of climate (as every part of the world must have done to some extent) and these included Svalbard northeast of Greenland, Iceland, the south of France, the heel of Italy, Greece, central Turkey, Azerbaijan, Ormsk and the Gyda peninsular on the Arctic Ocean. However, because of their different geographies their experience of this scenario would have varied.